Disaster Response B #13 last one of Bahamas Disaster Relief

            This was a hard day! One of children with medial problems.  My last day in the Bahamas hurricane disaster relief. 

I hear them calling for help in the ER as I’m in the step-down tent.  They have a 8 year old school girl who has had a seizure and is in status epelecticus- a continuous seizure.  She has been seizing for 30 minutes before getting to the hospital.  The ER has given her a dose of medicine to stop it, and it continues.  She is being bagged, and lays there in her cute school uniform.  It consists of black round tipped shoes, black socks, a dark blue skirt, and a white button up shirt.  Her hair is in woven brads.  She is intubated by the anesthetist and bagged.  She is put on a drip of sedation and meds to stop the seizure.  Later she is flown to Nassau for a pediatric ICU.

The second one effects us all.  Death is never easy!  It’s a little easier for me, when expected- a very traumatized person that has life threatening injuries that can’t be repaired; the huge heart attack that kills suddenly; the person with very advanced cancer that withers away; or the person who has a massive pulmonary embolus.  Those that I find harder, are the seemingly insignificant injuries that kill, or the asthma attack, or the mild symptoms that turn horrible and quickly the person decompensates.  It is always hard for the loved ones of the person who dies.  This death was hard for me today.

            I’m in the ER evaluating  an adult patient on the edge of the tent  when I hear a nurse behind me scream out the name of the ER doctor.  I had seen an x-ray on the monitor of a small person with a whited out left lung field. It is this child.  I turn around and she is grabbing a 5 year old boy who is seizing.  She flips him over on his stomach and some stomach contents come out his mouth.  I race over and we grab a mask and bag to help him breath.  The ER doc is helping him breath and we check for a pulse.  There is none- so we start CPR.  We suction and bag the boy.  The ER doc tries to intubate and is unsuccessful.  The family is standing by watching our CPR efforts.  The anesthetist arrives and I help her get the suction ready again.  The endotrachial tube ready, then she intubates.  She holds the tube after taping it in place.  The CPR is bouncing the boy all over the place and the tube seems like it’s dislodging.  So she holds it and I bag.  The lungs feel stiff and hard to expand.  There are distended neck veins, so Dr. J places a needle on the left side, followed by a chest tube.  No real air or fluid comes out.  We are continuing to give the different drugs that may have an effect in a situation like this, but nothing seems to be changing.  We are now about 30 minutes into the code.  There were still distended neck veins so we place a chest tube on the left.  Again no difference.  We keep re-assessing the lung sounds on both sides.  I keep bagging and chest compressions are continuing, with people switching off doing chest compressions, changing about every 2 minutes.  Family is crying.  Staff are crying.  Staff are praying.  CPR continues.  Again, for the hundredth time, we check for heart beat, checking again with ultrasound for heart motion.  Nothing.  Eyes are fixed and dilated.  We continue chest compressions and bagging difficult lungs.  No one wants to give up.  The ER doc running the code continues to order meds.  At an hour in he surveys the physicians and nurses present- whether to continue or not.  There seems to be a slow heart beat now, so we continue with chest compressions and breathing with the bag.  He starts a pressor drip, and we decide if this doesn’t make a difference, then we will stop.  We try for another 15 min or so after the pressor.  No changes.  So after 1.5 hours of bagging and chest compressions… we call an end.  The mother has gone outside some time ago.  The father sits there with his head in his hands.  The end is called, and he goes out to join his family and friends outside.  We were all exhausted, physically and mentally!  The family wails outside and many staff are crying in different areas of the room, some are hugging each other.

            I’m asked to see a patient in triage that they think has appendicitis.  There is a 79 year old man that has the classical physical findings of appendicitis.  He has pain in his right lower quadrant, exquisitely tender there.  But instead of having an elevated WBC (white blood cell count), his is normal.  I cant get a IV contrast abdominal CT at night so I decide Im convinced enough to take him directly to the OR.  As I come out of triage back to the ER where the family and staff are gathered around the dead boy- I hear the family singing- It is well with my soul!  Wow that hits me!  That is an incredible hymn with and incredible story all of it’s own.  It has huge meaning to me in that moment- especially with the family singing it.

            That night I hear that someone found out that the child had a congenital condition that gave him only one ventricle in his heart.  Something no one could change.  I look forward to the day when Jesus comes again, and birth defects are corrected, and children don’t die any more!

Disaster response B #12

Disaster response B #12

            So I wake up a bit late, nearly time for worship.  But I want to check on my patient from last night.  So I get on my scrubs and walk to the hospital tent where my patient is.  We operated on him many hours last night.  I walked in and as expected he is in the ICU (the left side of the main tent as I walk in).  There are 4 ICU beds with monitors and 2 ventilators.  He is getting ready to go the CT scanner across the street for a head CT ordered by the ER doc last night.  So they get two nurses along with the ambulance crew to take him over across the street to the RAND hospital for the CT.  Eventually we get the monitors on to battery power, the ventilator unplugged and hand carried, the IV drips on pumps that are battery powered and the nurses want me to go.  I think that’s quite reasonable so I go.  He’s moved to an ambulance gurney and we roll out the door to the waiting ambulance.  I realize that the oxygen tank I’m carrying is empty about half way out to the ambulance.  The ambulance personnel said it was full…  So we rush out and attach the bag that I’m bagging him on- to the ambulance oxygen.  We drive across the street and unload. And roll down the halls, that the nurses know, to the CT scanner.  After placing him on the CT scanner with all the machines hooked back up, the ambulance people leave.  They say they are going to get another patient from our ER to take to the scanner too.  They will be back!  I’m immediately skeptical and try to convince them to stay.  Unsuccessful!  Guess I didn’t think about them not staying with us and bringing us back.  There is a lot of fussing about by the radiology tech and eventually he gets the scan done. I’m watching vitals and tubes and thinking about things and not watching what the tech is doing.  The ambulance people aren’t back yet so we call to our own ER and try to get the doc there to get the ambulance people back.  As I look through the pictures I realize that none of them were done with IV contrast like I asked.  So I have to tell the guy to re-scan with IV contrast.  The radiologist eventually arrives and there is lots of discussion between them and clicking of buttons.  In about 20 minutes they start the scan.  I hear that the ambulance has brought the other child from our ER for a scan.  They say their ambulance is to small to carry our patient, and the other one went out on a call.  I do my best to convince them to stay and take us.  As we are finishing the contrast scans.  They are in the room.  Just as we are finishing they get a call from their dispatch of a code ?? some number.  They say they have to leave urgently and will be back later to get us.  What am I to do???? When will the other ambulance be free?  They didn’t know.  I do not want to stay in the CT scanner with a sick ICU patient, so I call my own ER and ask them to send someone with a stretcher.  Eventually one of the ER docs comes over pushing a stretcher.  I’m VERY happy to see him.  WE get loaded up and we walk out of the one hospital and across the parking lot.  The two SWAT guards trailing us all the way.  At the road, they walk out to the middle to ensure traffic stops and we roll across.  Then on to “our” parking lot and then to our tent hospital.  Through the ER and down to the ICU tent.  Whew, “home” at last, 2.5 hours later!!

            The night before I had just returned from playing a tennis match at the local YMCA that our tent hospital had just arranged for us to be able to go to.  Getting back to the hospital I was told there were some trauma patients coming.  I changed and ran in.  We heard there was a stabbed woman and then a man.  Then we heard that one had jumped from a balcony and ambulance personnel couldn’t get to them, it was apparently a hostage situation.  The patients in the triage area knew all about what had happened, and were able to tell us even before the ambulance had arrived.  Apparently part of the event was streamed live online.

            Eventually we got a patient who was in his 30’s and had blood and cuts all over and 4 stab wounds with omentum hanging out of one.  He apparently had jumped or fallen 3 stories to the ground after an altercation above, in which a girl had died.  He arrived with police and SWAT members.  As you know, we don’t have CT scans, it’s across the road.  He was unconscious and we intubated him.  Then full exam and a chest x-ray and pelvic x-ray.  His pelvis was an open book fracture- splitting wide open in the front.   Blood kept bubbling from the chest wounds.  On ultrasound, he didn’t appear to have blood around his heart, but it sure seemed likely that his heart was stabbed.  Dr. J and I took him to the operating room.  We started in his abdomen and would extend to the chest as needed.  As I entered the abdomen there was only a small amount of blood.  We packed off all four quadrants.  There seemed to be more blood in the pelvis.  I ran the small bowel (looked at all of it), and then the large bowel.  There was a small hematoma on the colon at the area the omentum was hanging out of the abdomen.  After opening this area, I identified a small serosal injury and repaired it.  Then unpacking the rest of the abdomen, there was a retroperitoneal hematoma and blood oozing from that.

            Next we explored retro-sternal (behind the breast bone) to the anterior surface of the heart.  No blood was seen in the pericardium (heart sac).  I was grateful for the man, that his heart was not punctured.  We got control of the oozing from that area.  Then we closed up his abdomen.  Now to stabilize his pelvis.  As Dr. F (the orthopedic surgeon) and I worked on his pelvis, Dr. J went to sewing up the many lacerations on his arms and neck.  Dr F directed how to put in the two screw tipped posts into each side of his pelvic bone.  Then we used the carbon fiber tubes and clamps to create a rectangular structure that connected the two sides of the pelvis together clamping to the two posts on either side. (For a detailed example of something similar see https://www2.aofoundation.org/wps/portal/!ut/p/a1/04_Sj9CPykssy0xPLMnMz0vMAfGjzOKN_A0M3D2DDbz9_UMMDRyDXQ3dw9wMDAzMjYEKIvEocDQnTr8BDuBoQEh_QW5oKAD4ENaS/dl5/d5/L2dJQSEvUUt3QS80SmlFL1o2XzJPMDBHSVMwS09PVDEwQVNFMUdWRjAwMDcz/?bone=Pelvis&classification=61-AT&method=External%20fixation&segment=Ring&showPage=redfix&treatment=Operative )  After we were finished with the pelvic fixation we finished the skin closures and took him to the ICU.  We finished about 2 or 3AM.  It takes me a while to wind down and go to sleep, but when sleep comes, I am deeply asleep._______________________________________________
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Disaster Response B #11  

Disaster Response B #11

Disaster Response B #11  

            I’ve been called in the past two nights to operate emergently on someone.  The night before last I went to bed.  About 1 hour later I awake to a flashlight in my eyes.  I didn’t know whether to go towards the light or away… I realized eventually someone was waking me up.  Eventually I got up and headed in to the ER.  There was a lady who was about 5ft 2in weighting approximately 350lbs with a painful mass in her mid abdomen.  The ER doc had given her sedation with Versed and tried to reduce the hernia- without success.  So I tried- unsuccessfully.  So we called the OR crew in and headed back once everything was ready.  After the anesthetist put her to sleep I made a midline incision.  I was able to dissect out the hernia sac fairly quickly, but it wouldn’t reduce.  So I opened into the area of the intestines and slowly divided the tissue up to the small “neck” of the hernia.  Eventually it was open and still it wouldn’t go into the area of the intestines.  So I slowly opened the sac.  I was now able to see that it contained omentum (the fatty layer inside) and not small intestine like I expected.  So I took off the sac with it’s omentum inside.  The intestine I could see looked good so I didn’t think any intestines were damaged too.   I closed up her abdomen, and since I didn’t have any large piece of mesh, I closed it with sutures.  Her recurrence rate will be higher, both from the size of the hernia and her size.

            Last night I went out with about 15 people they were willing to take to the ocean at around sunset.  This late hour was because the day nurses and staff don’t get to go out if they go any earlier.  I discussed with the ER docs if they minded if I was gone for a little while.  They figured they could deal with whatever till I got back.  It was a very nice evening.  I hadn’t been off the tent campus since I came a few weeks ago.    As we drove about 10 minutes away, we passed lots of houses.  All of them had a pile of furniture, dressers, cabinets, mattresses and random other things sitting in a huge pile on the side of the road.  These were the destroyed items to be picked up by the garbage service.  (as an aside- I talked to a man this evening that said he lives a little way from a town of 300.  He said that they know of 17 of that town that died and that all the houses- you can stand at the front and see through to the back yard.)  Back to our trip.  We passed some apartment buildings about 4 stories tall, that the front wall of the apartments had been blown in to the rooms.  The roof of the apartments were partially gone.  Stuff lay strewn all over the ground.  We went past the KFC and past a bank and other important looking buildings that didn’t appear to have much damage.  We got to the beach about sunset.  I walked out on the sand and the water was very calm, the reef is far out and there was no wind.  I waded out into the water about 100 feet, and it was still about 3 feed deep.  I sank into the water and just enjoyed the last minutes of sunset in the sky.  A while after the milky way was out, we went back to the bus and headed back to the hospital campus.

            As I arrived I was told I was needed in the ER.  Someone with a suspected perforation (hole in the intestine) was there and I needed to operate.  I found two of the local surgeons there, and they said a patient with free air (air outside the intestines- from a hole) was across the street having gotten a CT scan, and would be on their way to us.  It seemed like it took forever.  And in a way it was, because two hours later the patient arrived by ambulance from ACROSS THE STREET-literally!  So the three of us surgeons took him to the OR.  I lead out since I’m the one to be operating here.  He was about 27 and had had epigastric pain and had been taking a lot of ibuprofen.  So I suspected a perforation from a stomach or small intestine ulcer.  In the operating room I cut open the upper abdomen.  The peritoneum was distended with air.  Opening further I found a lot of cloudy fluid.  Looking around through the intestines and stomach, I found a small hole on the front side of the stomach.  The edges of this have poor tissue to fix, so I cut back further around the hole.  This made it larger but got to good tissue to close.  Then I sewed the hole shut.  Next I took a piece of omentum (fatty layer in the belly) and put it up over the hole and sewed it in place.  I consider this a double or reinforced repair.  We got done in the OR about 2 AM.  I slept fitfully for about 3.5 hours till everyone in the 30 persons’ tent, alarms started going off and they started rustling around and turning on the lights.  

            I went in to check on him and the first thing he says to me is “Doc, I’m hungry!”  He was adamant that he be able to drink and eat.  I explained to him that he would not be eating for days.  He didn’t care for that at all, but I think over the day he’s become resigned to the fact._______________________________________________

Disaster Response B #10

Disaster Response B #10

             Again we meet a variety of people here.  Today I sewed up a guy who is from New Orleans who was working with a wrench and the nut let go and he hit himself with the wrench.  As I sewed up his chin, he told me how they are trying to raise 2 barges that were sunk by the storm.  He does underwater welding.  He also mentioned that they can cut 4 inches of steel underwater when oxygen is used.  He said to weld underwater you have to coat welding electrode with bees wax to make it waterproof so that it can be done.

            I have two kids that were admitted with head injuries.  One 11 year old boy was found having a seizure in the bathroom.  We were able to get a CT of his head and he had an epidural bleed that was small.  He did well overnight and a repeat CT was the same.  When I checked in on him in the evening he was playing on his phone, and when I checked on him this morning- he was playing on it again.  So today he went home.

            The other was in his late teens.  He had been riding a motorcycle and went into a telephone pole.  He was unconscious for a few minutes then was thrashing about by the time he came to the ER.  It took us about 4 hours to get a head CT on him from across the street.  He had a small bleed in his head, a broken rib with a bruised lung, and a small broken bone off the edge of his pelvis.  He required a lot of sedation to keep calm, but he is improving today and responding more appropriately.  His repeat head CT doesn’t show any progression of his bleeding and remains small too.

            I was asked to see another person who had had a stroke.  They had no gag reflex.  This means that if we attempt to feed them they are very likely to aspirate it. (breath it in).  They can’t move the left arm or leg.  So because the esophagus is paralyzed, a feeding tube is needed to keep them alive.  So I was asked to place a gastrostomy tube.  I waited till the family came in around noon and discussed it with them.  At home I would place a PEG tube which is placed using a gastroscope , and puts the tube from the inside out.  Here no gastroscope is available, so I discussed the small incision method of putting one in.  After they agreed we took them to the operating room.

            In the operating room they were put to sleep and a small incision was made in the upper abdomen.  I realize that the liver was bigger than anticipated and comes down to the area of my incision.  I pull it out of the way and find the stomach and choose a site for the tube.  I make a separate hole for the tube and make a hole in the stomach and put the tube in.  I put a purse string suture around it  and start attaching the stomach to the abdominal wall.  I then realize that the liver is going to be putting constant pressure on the tube site.  That would not be good as it may disrupt the connection between the stomach and the abdominal wall.  So it take it all back out and choose a lower skin tube site.  Then I redo the same process.  The lower site puts it in a good position for the liver and I close the abdomen.  Later his family, his pastor and many friends come in.  They gather around his bed and hold hands and pray for healing for him and also sing songs of praise to God.  I am happy to see this outpouring of love for him.

            Another patient works as a police officer.  He has a ulcer on the bottom of his big toe that is infected.  After walking around in the water of the storm it got much worse.  So we take him to the OR to clean it out.  We find that the dead tissue goes all the way to the bone and that the bone is soft and infected.  He will need the big toe removed, once he is mentally prepared for it.  

             I know the ER is getting slammed tonight.  Every few minutes I hear an ambulance come in.  Guess I will see if I get called in tonight or not.